There are two official holidays in Islam: Eid Al-Fitr and Eid Al-Adha. Eid Al-Fitr is celebrated at the end of Ramadan (a month of fasting during daylight hours), and Muslims usually give zakat (charity) on the occasion which begins after the new moon sighting for the beginning of the month of Shawal. The Eid al-Fitr celebration begins with prayers the morning of the 1st of Shawal, and is followed by breakfast, and often celebratory meals throuout the day. Eid Al-Adha is celebrated on the tenth day of Dhu al-Hijjah and lasts for four days, during which Muslims usually slaughter a sheep and distribute its meat in 3 parts: among family, friends, and the poor in a friendly manner. Muslims are also encouraged to be especially friendly and reach out to one another during this period.Both of the holidays occur on dates in the Islamic calendar, which is lunar, and thus their dates in the Gregorian calendar, which is solar, change each year. The Gregorian calendar is based on the orbital period of the Earth's revolution around the Sun, approximately 3651⁄4 days, while the Islamic calendar is based on the synodic period of the Moon's revolution around the Earth, approximately 291⁄2 days. The Islamic calendar alternates months of 29 and 30 days (which begin with the new moon). Twelve of these months constitute an Islamic year, which is 11 days shorter than the Gregorian year.
Ramadan Calendar 2019
Ramadan in 2019 will start on Monday, the 6th of May 2019 (6/5/2019) and will continue for 30 days until Tuesday, the 4th of June.
Muslims fast from dawn to sunset during the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar when the Quran was revealed to Muhammad. Fasting is a purifying experience so that Muslims can gain compassion and deepen their faith in Allah.
Although the idea of fasting is done so people feel what the poor and the hungry go through, the needy must also fast for Ramadan. Muslims fast by denying themselves food, water and all related sexual activity with their spouses, but also many things religiously forbidden but socially forgotten can void the person's fast, such as Ghibah (backbiting others) and deceiving others. However, people with chronic diseases or unhealthy conditions such as diabetes for example, and children are exempt from fasting. Travelers, and women who are menstruating or nursing a baby, are exempt from fasting as well during their special situation but are required to fast later.
Dates of holidays and other days of note
| Hijri date | 1440 AH | 1441 AH | 1442 AH | |
| Islamic New Year | 1 Muḥarram | 11 Sep. 2018 | 31 Aug. 2019 | 20 Aug. 2020 |
| Ashura | 10 Muḥarram | 20 Sep. 2018 | 9 Sep. 2019 | 29 Aug. 2020 |
| Arba'een[a] | 20 Ṣafar[b] | 30 Oct. 2018 | 19 Oct. 2019 | 8 Oct. 2020 |
| Eid-e-Shuja'[c] (Eid-e-Zahra) | 9 Rabī‘ al-Awwal | 17 Nov. 2018 | 6 Nov. 2019 | 26 Oct. 2020 |
| Mawlid an-Nabī[d] | 12 Rabī‘ al-Awwal (Sunni) | 20 Nov. 2018 | 9 Nov. 2019 | 29 Oct. 2020 |
| 17 Rabī‘ al-Awwal (Shia) | 25 Nov. 2018 | 14 Nov. 2019 | 3 Nov. 2020 | |
| Birthday of ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib[a] | 13 Rajab | 20 Mar. 2019 | 8 Mar. 2020 | 25 Feb. 2021 |
| Laylat al-Mi'raj | 27 Rajab[e] | 3 Apr. 2019 | 22 Mar. 2020 | 11 Mar. 2021 |
| Laylat al-Bara'at | 15 Sha‘bān | 20 Apr. 2019 | 8 Apr. 2020 | 28 Mar. 2021 |
| Birthday of Muhammad al-Mahdī[c] | 15 Sha‘bān | 20 Apr. 2019 | 8 Apr. 2020 | 28 Mar. 2021 |
| First day of Ramaḍān | 1 Ramaḍān | 6 May 2019 | 24 Apr. 2020 | 13 Apr. 2021 |
| Laylat al-Qadr | 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, or 29 Ramaḍān[f] | between 24 May & 3 June 2019 | between 12 & 22 May 2020 | between 1 & 11 May 2021 |
| Chaand Raat[g] | 29 or 30 Ramaḍān[h] | 3 June 2019 | 23 May 2020 | 12 May 2021 |
| Eid al-Fitr | 1 Shawwāl | 4 June 2019 | 24 May 2020 | 13 May 2021 |
| Hajj | 8–13 Dhū al-Ḥijja | 9–14 Aug. 2019 | 29 July – 3 Aug. 2020 | 18–23 July 2021 |
| Day of Arafah | 9 Dhū al-Ḥijja | 10 Aug. 2019 | 30 July 2020 | 19 July 2021 |
| Eid al-Adha | 10 Dhū al-Ḥijja | 11 Aug. 2019 | 31 July 2020 | 20 July 2021 |
| Eid al-Ghadeer[a] | 18 Dhū al-Ḥijja | 19 Aug. 2019 | 8 Aug. 2020 | 28 July 2021 |
| Eid al-Mubahalah[a] | 24 Dhū al-Ḥijja | 25 Aug. 2019 | 14 Aug. 2020 | 3 Aug. 2021 |
08 February 2019 (fri) Martyrdom of Fatimah
07 March 2019 (thu) Ragha’ib Night (Laylat al-Ragha’ib)
14 March 2019 (thu) Migration to Abyssinia
20 March 2019 (wed) Birth of Imam Ali
21 March 2019 (thu) Nowruz
03 April 2019 (wed) Isra and Mi'raj
20 April 2019 (sat) Bara'at Night (Laylat al-Bara'at)
21 April 2019 (sun) Birth of Imam Mahdi
06 May 2019 (mon) Umrah — minor pilgrimage
06 May 2019 (mon) Ramadan — the month of fasting for muslims
22 May 2019 (wed) Battle of Badr
25 May 2019 (sat) Conquest of Mecca
26 May 2019 (sun) Martyrdom of Imam Ali
31 May 2019 (fri) Night of Power (Laylat al-Qadr)
31 May 2019 (fri) Jumu'atul-Wida
05 June 2019 (wed) Breaking the Fast Feast (Eid al-Fitr)
05 June 2019 (wed) Battle of the Trench
07 June 2019 (fri) Battle of Uhud
14 June 2019 (fri) Battle of Hunayn
29 June 2019 (sat) Martyrdom of Imam Jafar
04 July 2019 (thu) Treaty of Hudaybiyyah
02 August 2019 (fri) Beginning of Dhu al-Hijjah
11 August 2019 (sun) Day of Arafah
12 August 2019 (mon) Sacrifice Feast (Eid al-Adha)
13 August 2019 (tue) The Days of Tashreeq
19 August 2019 (mon) The event of Ghadir Khumm (Eid Al-Ghadeer)
25 August 2019 (sun) Event of Mubahala
01 September 2019 (sun) Islamic New Year
07 September 2019 (sat) Battle of Khaybar
09 September 2019 (mon) Day of Tasu'a
10 September 2019 (tue) Day of Ashura
30 September 2019 (mon) Beginning of Safar
19 October 2019 (sat) Arba'een
26 October 2019 (sat) Hegira
27 October 2019 (sun) Demise of Prophet Muhammad
28 October 2019 (mon) Martyrdom of Imam Reza
09 November 2019 (sat) Birth of Prophet Muhammad (Eid al-Mawlid an-Nabawī)
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